Jackson Oswalt wasn’t your average 12-year-old. While most kids his age were playing video games or riding bikes, he was busy building a nuclear fusion reactor in his bedroom. No, seriously. In 2018, just before his 13th birthday, Jackson successfully achieved nuclear fusion, a feat that had scientists and hobbyists alike raising their eyebrows in admiration. He didn’t just impress the internet—he earned a spot in the Guinness World Records. But years later, his high-energy experiment got the attention of a very different kind of audience—the FBI.
It’s not every day that a middle schooler cracks the code on one of the most complex scientific challenges in history. Nuclear fusion is the same process that powers the sun, and Jackson made it happen in his family’s playroom. He joined a tiny but impressive club of amateur scientists who have managed to pull off fusion reactions outside of professional labs. His experiment was safe, well-documented, and groundbreaking. So why did the FBI come knocking on his door years later? That’s where things get interesting.
A Record-Breaking Experiment and the Science Behind Nuclear Fusion
Inspired by physicist Taylor Wilson, Jackson set out to create a nuclear fusion reactor at home. He spent two years researching and building, using parts bought online. Many doubted his ability to pull it off, but he proved them wrong. On January 19, 2018, he fused deuterium atoms inside his reactor. Experts at Fusor.net confirmed his results, making him the youngest person ever to achieve this feat.
Jackson’s device, called a fusor, operates by heating deuterium gas in a vacuum chamber. This creates plasma, where atoms collide with enough force to fuse. Unlike power plant reactors, his setup didn’t generate usable energy. However, it proved that nuclear fusion could be achieved with the right conditions. His work amazed scientists and hobbyists alike, showing what young minds can accomplish with dedication.
Building the fusor wasn’t cheap or easy. Jackson’s parents supported his project, investing thousands of dollars to help him source materials. He scoured online forums, watched tutorial videos, and tested multiple designs before finally achieving success. His dedication paid off, and his fusion experiment became a major milestone in amateur science.
Recognition, Achievements, and Unexpected Attention
Guinness World Records officially recognized Jackson’s feat in 2020. His name joined a select few who have built fusion reactors at home. Taylor Wilson had done it at 14, and Jamie Edwards at 13. These young innovators pushed the boundaries of science from their own bedrooms. Their work highlights the potential of independent learning and hands-on experimentation in nuclear fusion.
In early 2025, Jackson’s past work caught the attention of federal authorities. The FBI visited his home, though details of their inquiry remain unclear. The visit suggests growing concerns over private nuclear fusion experiments, even those conducted safely. Government agencies monitor nuclear-related activities closely, especially when minors are involved.
The attention from authorities was unexpected but not entirely surprising. Any work involving nuclear reactions tends to raise eyebrows, even if it’s harmless. While Jackson had no malicious intent, officials likely wanted to ensure his research followed all safety protocols. This raises an important discussion on how young scientists can explore complex fields without attracting unwanted scrutiny.
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Government Scrutiny and the Bigger Picture
The U.S. government takes nuclear fusion experiments seriously, even small-scale ones. While Jackson followed proper safety measures, any fusion-related activity can raise red flags. Authorities likely wanted to ensure his project didn’t pose risks to national security. Even in a controlled environment, nuclear fusion reactions involve complex regulations.
Jackson’s case reflects a broader debate about amateur science. On one hand, young innovators push the limits of technology. On the other, their projects sometimes attract scrutiny. Governments must balance encouraging curiosity with enforcing safety laws. Jackson’s experience shows both the power of ambition and the realities of regulatory oversight in this type of research.
What’s Next for Jackson in Nuclear Fusion?
Now in his twenties, Jackson likely continues his passion for science. His journey from a middle school experimenter to a world record holder proves the value of persistence. His work inspires other young minds to explore physics, engineering, and beyond. While the FBI’s visit raised questions, his contributions to nuclear fusion research remain undeniable.
As fusion technology advances, more young scientists may attempt similar projects. Jackson’s story highlights both the promise and the challenges of pushing scientific boundaries at a young age. While amateur fusion may never power homes, it serves as a stepping stone for future breakthroughs. Who knows? The next great discovery might come from a kid in a garage, tinkering with ideas just like Jackson once did.
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