Pu-erh tea, a type of fermented tea originating from the Yunnan province in China, has been gaining popularity in recent years due to its potential health benefits. Known for its earthy flavor and unique aging process, Pu-erh tea is not only enjoyed for its taste but also for its medicinal properties. Let’s have a look at the various benefits of Pu-erh tea, including its effects on cholesterol levels, liver health, anti-cancer properties, and more.
What is Pu-erh Tea?

Pu-erh tea is known for its unique fermentation process, which sets it apart from other types of tea. To make pu-erh tea, the leaves of the Camellia sinensis plant are withered and then pan-fried to stop the oxidation process. The leaves are then rolled and shaped before they undergo a microbial fermentation process. This fermentation process can take several months to years, during which the tea develops its distinct earthy and mellow flavors. The tea is often aged to further enhance its complexity and depth of flavor. (1)
The fermentation of pu-erh tea is a complex process that involves the activity of microbes, such as fungi and bacteria, which transform the chemical composition of the tea leaves. This fermentation imparts a rich and smooth flavor profile to the tea, with a unique hint of earthiness. After the fermentation process, the tea leaves are often compressed into cakes or bricks, which allows them to further develop and change over time. The resulting tea is prized for its smooth, mellow taste and is often enjoyed for its potential health benefits, such as aiding digestion and reducing cholesterol levels.
The Benefits of Pu-erh Tea

As we are well aware, fermented products typically come with many health benefits. Pu-erh tea is certainly no exception. As with all natural remedies, however, it is important to remember to not overstate the benefits and efficacy. While they can certainly support health, not all benefits are fully understood or scientifically supported. These are some of the potential benefits of Pu-erh tea and why you should consider adding it into your health routine.
1. Cholesterol Lowering

Pu-erh tea is known for its potential cholesterol-lowering properties, making it a popular choice for those looking to improve their heart health. Studies have suggested that consuming Pu-erh tea regularly may help reduce levels of LDL cholesterol, also known as “bad” cholesterol, in the body. This is believed to be due to the presence of compounds in Pu-erh tea, such as catechins and theaflavins, which have been shown to have cholesterol-lowering effects. By incorporating Pu-erh tea into a balanced diet and healthy lifestyle, individuals may be able to manage their cholesterol levels and reduce their risk of heart disease. (2)
2. Weight Loss

Pu-erh tea has been associated with potential weight-loss aiding properties, which can be attributed to its ability to boost metabolism and assist in managing weight. The tea contains compounds such as catechins and caffeine, which are believed to enhance the body’s ability to burn fat and calories. Additionally, Pu-erh tea has been linked to reducing the absorption of fats, which can lead to decreased calorie intake and potential weight loss. The caffeine content in Pu-erh tea can also provide a mild stimulant effect, which may help with energy levels and physical endurance during exercise. By incorporating Pu-erh tea into a balanced diet and regular exercise routine, individuals may experience its potential benefits in supporting their weight loss efforts. However, it’s important to note that while Pu-erh tea may aid in weight management, it should be consumed as part of a healthy lifestyle and not relied upon as a sole solution for weight loss. (3)
3. Liver Health

Pu-erh tea has been linked to potential benefits for liver health due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The tea contains compounds such as catechins, theaflavins, and polyphenols, which have been associated with protecting the liver from oxidative stress and damage. These compounds may also aid in reducing inflammation and promoting the detoxification processes in the liver. Additionally, Pu-erh tea has been studied for its potential to help prevent the accumulation of fat in the liver, which can contribute to liver damage and disease. By incorporating Pu-erh tea into a well-balanced diet, individuals may be able to support their liver health and reduce the risk of liver-related conditions. However, it’s important to consult with a healthcare professional before using Pu-erh tea specifically for liver health, especially for those with existing liver conditions. (4)
4. Anti-Cancer Properties

Among the various types of dark tea, Pu-erh tea stands out for its potential anti-cancer benefits. Dark teas like Pu-erh tea are known for their unique properties and bioactive compounds that have been linked to potential health benefits, particularly in cancer prevention and management. The review published in Nutrients sheds light on the mechanisms and prospects of Pu-erh tea in combating cancer, emphasizing the need for further research to fully understand its anti-cancer properties. (5)
Bioactive Compounds in Pu-erh Tea

Pu-erh tea contains a range of bioactive compounds, such as catechins, phenolic acids, flavonols, and alkaloids, that contribute to its distinct flavors and potential health benefits. These compounds play crucial roles in anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, immunity enhancement, and cardiovascular health. Notably, a standout compound in Pu-erh tea is theabrownin, known for its anti-oxidative and anti-cancer properties. These bioactive compounds in Pu-erh tea have been linked to inhibiting the growth of various cancer cells such as lung, liver, pancreatic, colon, tongue, breast, and cervical cancers.
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Potential Anti-Cancer Effects of Pu-erh Tea

Test tube research has shown that components in Pu-erh tea, particularly polysaccharides, can inhibit the growth of lung and liver cancer cells. Theabrownin present in Pu-erh tea has been found to suppress lung cancer cell proliferation, while derivatives from Pu-erh tea have demonstrated the ability to induce apoptosis in lung cancer cells. Moreover, Pu-erh tea extracts have shown inhibitory effects on pancreatic, colon, and tongue cancer cells. These findings suggest the promising anti-cancer potential of Pu-erh tea in combating various types of cancer.
Dark Tea Mechanisms Against Cancer

The anti-cancer effects of Pu-erh tea are attributed to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Dark teas, including Pu-erh tea, have been shown to inhibit the Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway, which plays a significant role in inflammation-induced cancer. Pu-erh tea’s anti-inflammatory effects have shown promise in curbing intestinal inflammation, suggesting its potential role in cancer prevention. Additionally, the antioxidant activity of Pu-erh tea helps combat oxidative stress, which is linked to various diseases, including cancer. Further research is needed to explore the full extent of Pu-erh tea’s mechanisms against cancer and its potential in cancer management.
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Precautions

While Pu-erh tea offers numerous potential health benefits, it is essential to consume it in moderation. Excessive consumption of Pu-erh tea may lead to side effects such as insomnia, anxiety, or digestive issues due to its caffeine content. Additionally, pregnant women, individuals with caffeine sensitivity, or those with certain medical conditions should consult with a healthcare professional before adding Pu-erh tea to their diet. (6)
How to Take Pu-erh Tea

To enjoy the benefits of Pu-erh tea, it is recommended to brew the tea using hot water and allow it to steep for a few minutes to release its flavors and compounds fully. Pu-erh tea can be enjoyed on its own or with a splash of milk, honey, or lemon for added taste. Some people also choose to consume Pu-erh tea in the form of tea bags or capsules for convenience.
The Bottom Line

Pu-erh tea offers an array of potential health benefits, ranging from cholesterol-lowering and weight loss properties to liver support and anti-cancer effects. Incorporating Pu-erh tea into your daily routine may help promote overall well-being and contribute to a healthier lifestyle. As with any supplement or dietary change, it is essential to consult with a healthcare provider to determine if Pu-erh tea is suitable for your individual needs.
Read More: 7 Teas That Help Reduce Inflammation In The Body
Sources
- “The Microbiome and Metabolites in Fermented Pu-erh Tea as Revealed by High-Throughput Sequencing and Quantitative Multiplex Metabolite Analysis.” NCBI. Yongjie Zhang, Ida Skaar, Michael Sulyok, Xingzhong Liu, Mingyong Rao, and John W. Taylor. June 23, 2016.
- “Theabrownin from Pu-erh tea attenuates hypercholesterolemia via modulation of gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism.” Nature. Fengjie Huang, Xiaojiao Zheng, Xiaohui Ma, Runqiu Jiang, Wangyi Zhou, Shuiping Zhou, Yunjing Zhang, Sha Lei, Shouli Wang, Junliang Kuang, Xiaolong Han, Meilin Wei, Yijun You, Mengci Li, Yitao Li, Dandan Liang, Jiajian Liu, Tianlu Chen, Chao Yan, Runmin Wei, Cynthia Rajani, Chengxing Shen, Guoxiang Xie, Zhaoxiang Bian, Houkai Li, Aihua Zhao and Wei Jia. October 31,2019.
- “Reduction of body fat and improved lipid profile associated with daily consumption of a Puer tea extract in a hyperlipidemic population: a randomized placebo-controlled trial.” NCBI. Gitte S Jensen, Joni L Beaman, Yi He, Zhixin Guo, and Henry Sun. March 2016.
- “Pu-erh tea: A review of a healthful brew.” Science Direct. Wei Jia, Cynthia Rajani, Aiping Lv, Tai-Ping Fan and Xiaojiao Zheng. April 2022.
- “Possible Mechanisms of Dark Tea in Cancer Prevention and Management: A Comprehensive Review.” MDPI. Huilin Deng, et al.
- “Pu-Erh Tea.” RX List
Disclaimer: This information is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment and is for information only. Always seek the advice of your physician or another qualified health provider with any questions about your medical condition and/or current medication. Do not disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking advice or treatment because of something you have read here.