Many people may be surprised to find that some common ingredients in soap and shampoo can harm the body and the environment. With the market filled with countless personal care products, knowing what to look out for can help protect your health. Here are nine ingredients to avoid in soap and shampoo, and why they may be best left out of your routine.
Sulfates Stripping Away Natural Oils
Sulfates, such as sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) and sodium laureth sulfate (SLES), are often used as foaming agents in shampoos and soaps. They’re highly effective at removing oil and dirt, but they can be too harsh, stripping away the hair’s natural oils and causing dryness. In some cases, sulfates can lead to irritation and worsen skin conditions like rosacea and eczema. Beyond personal effects, sulfates are also known to harm aquatic ecosystems when washed down the drain.
Parabens Disrupting Hormones
Parabens are widely used as preservatives in cosmetics to prevent bacteria and mold growth, which is useful for shelf-life but potentially harmful to our health. Parabens can mimic estrogen in the body, which has been linked to reproductive issues and an increased risk of breast cancer. This has led the European Union to restrict their use, although they are still common in U.S. products. Look for shampoo ingredients like methylparaben, propylparaben, or butylparaben if you want to avoid them.
Phthalates Hidden in Fragrances
Phthalates are used as binding agents and to give flexibility to products, but they’re also a known endocrine disruptor. Phthalates have been linked to various health issues, including reproductive harm, particularly for pregnant women. These chemicals are often hidden under the term “fragrance” on labels, making them harder to identify. Some companies are moving towards phthalate-free products, but it’s still worth checking for “fragrance-free” options when in doubt.
Triclosan and Environmental Consequences
Triclosan was once a popular antibacterial ingredient found in hand soaps and shampoos. However, the FDA banned it in antibacterial soaps in 2016 due to health and environmental concerns. Triclosan can disrupt hormone function and contribute to antibiotic resistance. Though it’s less common now, triclosan still appears in some personal care products like toothpaste and shampoo, where its risks may outweigh any antibacterial benefits.
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Formaldehyde. Yes That One
Formaldehyde can be present in soaps and shampoos as a preservative or as a byproduct from other ingredients. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services classifies formaldehyde as a known human carcinogen. Exposure can lead to respiratory issues and skin allergies, so it’s best to avoid products with formaldehyde or any “formaldehyde-releasing” agents such as DMDM hydantoin or quaternium-15.
Benzophenone-3 Disrupting Endocrine Systems
Benzophenone-3, also known as oxybenzone, is used in many sunscreens and cosmetics to protect against UV rays, but it has been found to disrupt hormones. This chemical can interfere with the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, which is vital for regulating reproductive and immune functions. Researchers have noted that it not only poses a risk to human health but also affects marine ecosystems by contributing to coral bleaching when washed into the ocean.
Hexachlorophene: A Toxic Antiseptic
Hexachlorophene is an antiseptic ingredient sometimes found in shampoo due to its antibacterial properties. However, this chemical can cause redness, irritation, and sensitivity, especially with prolonged exposure. Hexachlorophene is particularly harmful if swallowed, leading to gastrointestinal distress, and is also dangerous for the environment, so it’s worth avoiding in favor of safer antibacterial options.
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A Mystery Cocktail of Artificial Fragrances
Artificial fragrances may make products smell appealing, but they often contain undisclosed chemicals that can cause headaches, allergic reactions, and hormone disruption. The term “fragrance” on a label could represent any number of chemicals, including phthalates and other harmful compounds. To reduce risks, seek products labeled “fragrance-free” or those that use essential oils for scent.
BPA Contamination
Bisphenol A (BPA) is more commonly associated with plastics but can also be found in personal care products. This chemical is a known endocrine disruptor that can mimic estrogen, potentially leading to reproductive issues. BPA is challenging to avoid entirely, but checking labels for “BPA-free” products is a good step towards minimizing exposure.
Think Twice
Understanding the ingredients in soap and shampoo is essential for making informed choices that protect your health and the environment. While not all chemicals pose significant risks, many do, especially when used over time. If you’re concerned about any of these ingredients, consider switching to “clean beauty” products that are free of harmful chemicals. Reading labels, understanding ingredient names, and researching brands with transparent practices can help ensure you’re choosing products that align with your health and wellness goals.
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